DISCUSSION TOPIC: THE OLD BAILEY
Your Basic Resource
Your Task
1) Browse in the site description sections and a few of the resources listed below in an effort to orient yourself as to the context for the Proceedings Of The Old Bailey data-base. Some of the secondary materials from the Proceedings web-site that I found to be most helpful include the following: Policing In London; Crimes Tried At The Old Bailey; Trial Procedures; Judges And Juries; Trial Verdicts; Punishments At The Old Bailey; and Gender In The Proceedings.
2) Read at least one text from the Ordinary of Newgate's Accounts. In these, the prison clergyman offers narratives of the lives and deaths of some 2,500 criminals executed between 1676 and 1772 after trials at the Old Bailey. Perhaps the easiest way to access these documents is through the Ordinary's Accounts By Date page.
3) Spend at least several minutes browsing in the sessions papers of the Old Bailey. The site includes advice on Getting Started in working with the collection and A Guide To Searching. You can search using any key-word or by criminal offense at Search Home. There also are some helpful tips contained throughout the archive that offers advice for searching such sub-categories as Gypsies And Travellers, Homosexuality or Gender And Crime.
Introduction
The Proceedings Of The Old Bailey is a massive archive that offers a searchable edition of records of almost 200,000 criminal trials held at London's central criminal court between 1674 and 1913. It offers a unique window not only onto English criminal justice but into social history more broadly. I have included both the main link to the data-base itself and some supporting secondary materials as well (the latter to help you to place the primary documents within a larger framework). The extra resources include not only journal and newspaper articles, but also a 4-part Voices From The Old Bailey audio documentary from the BBC and three seasons of the BBC's fictional retelling of the life of the eighteenth-century barrister William Barrow, much of which is set inside the Old Bailey courtroom (the complete series is listed below; the opening YouTube segment of Episode One, Season One can be found at Garrow's Law. The archive is enormous in scope and I appreciate that even attempting to dip one's toes into the docket might seem overwhelming. But I encourage you to tackle this mini-assignment with enthusiasm and see if you can find something of interest within the collection.
Some Questions
Describe the Ordinary of Newgate's account or accounts that you examined. What was interesting about this material? To what extent were any themes or messages highlighted by the clergyman?
What was interesting about the other Old Bailey primary documents that you read? Where would you begin in analyzing these materials?
How would you begin to assess the Ordinary Accounts and the Old Bailey Sessions Papers as sources? How useful might they be to the historian and are their limiting factors that should be kept in mind?
How and why did policing in London change between 1674 and 1913?
What was distinctive about trial procedures at the Old Bailey? How were they similar and how were they different from today's trials? What role did lawyers play in the proceedings? What was the balance of power between the accused and the prosecution? How and why did the trial procedures change over time?
What were the different alternatives for punishment, and how and why did these change over time? What was the meaning of "benefit of clergy" and "benefit of belly?"
How would you begin to compare and contrast men's and women's experiences of crime, justice and punishment in the England of 1700-1900? Do you find it surprising that more than 50% of those convicted in the first decade of the eighteenth century were female?
Old Bailey In The News
Patricia Cohen, "As
The Gavels Fell: 240 Years At Old Bailey,"
New York Times, August 17, 2011.
Zoe Kleinman, "Pirates
Of The Caribbean Role For Dorset Historian,"
BBC Dorset, December 22, 2010.
Peter Jackson, "Rough
Justice -- Victorian Style,"
BBC News, August 3, 2009.
Rob Liddle, "When Hanging Was Too Good For Some," BBC News Magazine, April 28, 2008.
"Historic Bailey Trials Go Online," BBC News, April 27, 2008.
Amelia Hill, "Old
Bailey Opens Its Unseen Files,"
Observer, April 27, 2008.
"In Pictures: The Old Bailey At 100," BBC News, 2007.
Euan Ferguson, "Terrible History Haunts The Old Bailey," Observer, November 9, 2003.
Articles
Guy Gugliotta, "Digitizing
The Hanging Court,"
Smithsonian (April 2007).
Drew D. Gray, "The Old Bailey Proceedings Online," Reviews In History (May 2010).
Tom Bowers, "The Old Bailey Online," History Today, 58 (June 2008): 65.
"The Old Bailey Online: In The Dock, And On The Web," Economist (May 1, 2008).
"Formal Opening Of The Old Bailey," History Today, 57 (February 2007): 58-59.
T. Gallanis, "Review Notice: The Old Bailey Proceedings Online," Journal Of Legal History, 26 (April 2005): 105-107.
Allyson May, "Advocates And Truth-Seeking In The Old Bailey Courtroom," Journal Of Legal History, 26 (April 2005): 83-90.
Christopher Frank, "Review Of 'The Bar and The Old Bailey, 1750-1850,'" Journal Of Social History, 38 (Spring 2005): 801-804.
Lynn MacKay, "Why They Stole: Women In The Old Bailey, 1779-1789," Journal Of Social History, 32 (Spring 1999).
Web-Sites
Tim Hitchcock, "Voices
From The Old Bailey: Exploring The Old Bailey's Online Archive,"
Radio 4 And 4 Extra Blog, BBC Radio 4, July 25, 2011.
Old Bailey
-- Wikipedia:
An entry from the on-line encyclopedia.
Allyson May, The Bar And The Old Bailey, 1750-1850, Googlebooks: A selection from May's UNC Press monograph.
Old Bailey Crime UK: A site dedicated to today's proceedings of the court sponsored by British crime reporters.
Audio And Visual Sources
"Riots," Episode 1, Voices From The Old Bailey, BBC Radio 4 (July 27, 2011):
"Sexual
Subcultures,"
Episode 2, Voices From The Old Bailey, BBC Radio 4 (August 3, 2011):
"Servants,"
Episode 3, Voices From The Old Bailey, BBC Radio 4 (August 10, 2011):
"Whose
Law Is It Anyway?,"
Voices From The Old Bailey, BBC Radio 4 (August 17, 2011):
Garrow's Law, Episode 1, Season 1, BBC:
Garrow's Law, Episode 2, Season 1, BBC:
Garrow's Law, Episode 3, Season 1, BBC:
Garrow's Law, Episode 4, Season 1, BBC:
Garrow's Law, Episode 1, Season 2, BBC:
Garrow's Law, Episode 2, Season 2, BBC:
Garrow's Law, Episode 3, Season 2, BBC:
Garrow's Law, Episode 4, Season 2, BBC:
Garrow's Law, Episode 1, Season 3, BBC:
Garrow's Law, Episode 2, Season 3, BBC:
Garrow's Law, Episode 3, Season 3, BBC:
Garrow's Law, Episode 4, Season 3, BBC: