FLAGS, ANTHEMS AND EUROPEAN HISTORY

THE PROCEDURE

STEP 1

•   :  Click on the appropriate letters to research the history of different nations' flags.  Check the following nations:  Georgia, Serbia, Croatia, UK, Scotland, Wales, England, Cyprus, France, Germany, Italy, Romania and Russia.

STEP 2

Browse in several of the news articles listed below.

•   "What Are The Rules For National Flags?," BBC News (May 11, 2005).

BALKANS

•   "Serbia Changes National Symbols," BBC News (August 17, 2004).

•   "Serbia Montenegro Song Falls Flat," BBC News (August 11, 2004).

• "Montenegro Picks National Symbols," BBC News (July 13, 2004).

• "Belgrade Flag Flap Reveals Identity Crisis," BBC News (October 7, 2003).

•   "Ex-Yugoslavs Row Over Flag," BBC News (April 21, 2003).

• "Croatian Flag Sparks Mixed Feelings," BBC News (July 8, 1998).

BRITAIN

• Alexis Akwagyiram, "Flying The Flag," BBC News (July 25, 2006).

• "National Flags Ban To Be Lifted," BBC News (July 24, 2006).

• "10 Uses For An Unwanted England Flag," BBC News (July 3, 2006).

•   "Glyndwr Flag Flies At City Castle," BBC News (September 12, 2005).

•   "Is The Booing Of Anthems Acceptable?," BBC News (September 5, 2005).

•   "Stadium Anthem Booing Condemned," BBC News (September 5, 2005).

•   "St. George Flags Declared Illegal," BBC News (June 6, 2005).

•   "Greens Call For New Scots Anthem," BBC News (October 3, 2004).

•   "Scotland's National Anthem," Scotsman.com News.

•   "'Fly Glyndwr Flag' Call," BBC News (September 14, 2004).

•   "Saltire Flag Takes Pride of Place," BBC News (July 4, 2004).

•   "School Ban For England Haircuts," BBC News (June 16, 2004).

•   "To Fly Or Not To Fly," BBC News (June 8, 2004).

•   "Glyndwr's 600th Anniversary Celebrated," BBC News (May 9, 2004).

•   "Men Jailed Over Loyalist Flags," BBC News (March 31, 2004).

•   "Union Flag Plan Opposed," BBC News (November 25, 2003).

•   "Scots Anthem Call Rejected," BBC News (October 29, 2003).

• "Words of the Red Flag," BBC News (October 2, 2003).

•   "Elgar's Anthem In Children's Sing-Song," BBC News (July 24, 2003).

•   "Flag Row Divides Council," BBC News (July 22, 2003).

•   "Rebranding Puts Black Marks Against UK Flag," BBC News (June 11, 2003).

•   "MSP Flaps Over Union Flag," BBC News (June 10, 2003).

•   "National Anthem Ban At Stadium," BBC News (May 22, 2003).

•   "Blake Hymn Tops Anthem Poll," BBC News (April 23, 2003).

• Paul MacInnes, "New Manx Anthem Sifts Loyalty To Land Of Their Birth," Guardian Unlimited (January 27, 2003).

•   "Official Fisticuffs Over Scots Anthem," BBC News (January 1, 2003).

•   "Crossing Swords Over the Saltire," BBC News (October 8, 2002).

•   "Tricolour Raised In City Hall," BBC News (September 4, 2002).

• Jonathan Glancey, "By George!," Guardian (June 20, 2002).

•   "Ministers Agree Flag Day Review," BBC News (May 20, 2002).

• David McKie, "Pump Up The Anthem," Guardian (March 7, 2002).

•   "Pistols Re-issue Punk Anthem," BBC News (February 28, 2002).

•   "MPs Demand BBC Reinstates Anthem," BBC News (January 11, 2002).

• Rob McDonald, "The Day To Lift A Dram To Saint Andrew," Montreal Gazette (November 30, 2001).

•   "Prom Anthem 'Too Jingoistic,'" BBC News (October 12, 2001).

• "Political Row Over Flag Flying," BBC News (October 9, 2001).

• Tom Paulin, "Not Too Happy.  Not Very Glorious," Guardian (December 6, 2000).

•   "Sinn Fein Departments Fly Union Flag," BBC News (November 13, 2000).

• "Scot Sees Red Over Flag Blue," BBC News (June 20, 2000).

•   "In A Flap Over Flags," BBC News (June 2, 2000).

• "Tension Over Flag Flying," BBC News (June 2, 2000).

• Denis Campbell, "National Anthem Faces Red Card," Observer (March 5, 2000).

• "Burning Flag Protester Fined," BBC News (October 13, 1999).

•   "Cyprus Seeks New Flag," BBC News (January 28, 2003).

• Jonathan Steele, "UN Launches Contest For New Cyprus Flag," Guardian (January 28, 2003).

FRANCE

•  Marseillaise:  Information from the office of the French President.

• La Marseillaise .

•  La Marseillaise -- Wikipedia:  The entry from the on-line encyclopedia.

• "French MPS Pass Tough Anti-Crime Law," BBC News (February 13, 2003).

•   "Chirac Furious As Fans Boo Anthem," BBC News (May 11, 2002).

•   "Jazzing Up the Marseillaise," BBC News (February 8, 2002).

• Jonathan Glancey, "All Together Now," Guardian (February 10, 2000).

• Roy Hattersley, "Blood, Song And Tears," Guardian Unlimited, February 15, 1999.

• Naomi Bliven, "A Song For All," American Heritage, 44 (September 1993): 28-29.

• Alan Riding, "Aux Armes!  Bloody Fight Looms Over Meddling With Anthem," Vancouver Sun (March 7, 1992).

GERMANY

• Deutschlandlied:  An introduction from Wikipedia.

• "Germans Stop Humming, Start Singing National Anthem," Deutsche Welle, June 24, 2006.

•   "Brothel Bid Bags Germany's Flag," BBC News (June 11, 2004).

•   "Honecker's Cars Under the Hammer," BBC News (November 4, 2003).

•   "German Forest Loses Swastika," BBC News (December 4, 2000).

•   "Germany: Old Verses Start Fresh Row," BBC News (June 26, 2000).

•   "Italian Opposition In Flap Over Flag," BBC News (April 28, 2003).

•   "'Identical Flag' Causes Flap in Romania," BBC News (April 14, 2004).

RUSSIA

•   "Russian MPS Told To Learn Anthem," BBC News (December 24, 2004).

•   "Russian MPs Back Hybrid Flag," BBC News (June 6, 2003).

•   "Aeroflot Loyal To Hammer and Sickle," BBC News (April 17, 2003).

• "Majority Of Russians Like National Flag -- Poll," Interfax (January 18, 2002).

• "Most Russians Like National Anthem," Interfax (January 18, 2002).

• "Russia Proposes Bill To Protect Anthem," UPI (November 27, 2001).

• "Russian Flag Changed Four Times Over 300 Years," Strana.ru (August 22, 2001).

• "Duma Backs Soviet Anthem," BBC News (March 7, 2001).

• Patrick Cockburn, "Russia Changes Its Tune Over Anthem," Independent (January 8, 2001).

• Boris Kagarlitsky, "Let Them Sing Songs," Moscow Times (January 5, 2001).

• Jack Kollmann, "New Russian National Anthem" (January 3, 2001).

• David Hoffman, "Russia Sings To God, But Not To Lenin," Montreal Gazette (December 31, 2000).

• Amelia Gentleman, "Capitalist Russia Salutes The Communists' Tune," Guardian (December 27, 2000).

• Amelia Gentleman, "Intelligentsia Revolts As Putin Brings Back Soviet Anthem," Guardian (December 6, 2000).

•   "New Anthem Reopens Old Wounds," BBC News (December 8, 2000).

•   "Soviet Anthem Set For Comeback," BBC News (December 4, 2000).

•   "Anthems Out Of Tune With People," BBC News (December 1, 2000).

• Fred Weir, "In Anthem Search, Russia Looks 'Back to the USSR," Christian Science Monitor (October 30, 2000).

•   "Russians Rule Anthem Offside," BBC News (July 23, 2000).

• Alan Philps, "Wanted: Words For Russia's National Anthem," Edmonton Journal (February 6, 1998).

• Mike Trickey, "Russia Struggles To Change Its Tune; Finding New Anthem Proves More Difficult than Adopting New Flag, Emblem," Ottawa Citizen (July 22, 1995).

• Fred Hiatt, "Yet Another Problem For Russia: Rewriting The National Anthem," Edmonton Journal (March 27, 1993).