Aberth, John.  Knight at the Movies: Medieval History on Film.  New York: Routledge, 2003.

Aries, P.  Hour of Our Death.  1993.

  Armstrong, Karen.  Holy War: The Crusades and Their Impact on Today's World.  New York: Knopf, 2001.

  Baldwin, J.W.  Scholastic Culture of the Middle Ages: 1000-1300.  1971.

  Barber, Richard.  Knight and Chivalry.  London: Longman, 1970.

  Bartlett, R.  Making of Europe, 950-1350.  1992.

  Bartlett, W.B.  God Wills It!: An Illustrated History of the Crusades.

  Becher, Matthias.  Charlemagne.  New Haven: Yale, 2003.

  Bennett, Judith M. and Hollister, C. Warren.  Medieval Europe: A Short History.  New York: McGraw-Hill, 2001.

  Benton, Janetta Rebold.  Art of the Middle Ages.  London: Thames and Hudson.

  Binski, Paul.  Medieval Death: Ritual and Representation.  Ithaca: Cornell.

  Bishop, Morris.  Horizon Book of the Middle Ages.  New York: American Heritage/Bonanza, 1984.

  Black, Maggie.  Medieval Cookbook.   London: British Museum, 1992.

  Brooke, Christopher.  Monastic World, 1000-1300.  New York: Random House, 1974.

  Burns, J.H.  Cambridge History of Medieval Political Thought c. 350 - c. 1450.  1991.

Cahill, Thomas.  Mysteries of the Middle Ages.  New York: Doubleday, 2006.

Cantor, Norman F.  In the Wake of the Plague: The Black Death and the World It Made.  New York: HarperCollins, 2002.

  Cantor, Norman F.  Medieval Lives: Eight Charismatic Men and Women of the Middle Ages.  New York: Harper Collins, 1994.

____.  Medieval History: The Life and Death of Civilization.  New York: Macmillan, 1975.

  _____, ed.  Medieval Reader.  New York: Harper Perennial, 1994.

  Cazelles, Raymond and Rathofer, Johannes.  Illuminations of Heaven and Earth: The Glories of the Tres Riches Heures du Duc de Berry.  New York: Harry N. Abrams, 1988.

  Chazan, Robert.  European Jews and the First Crusade.  Berkeley: California, 1987.

  Contamine, Philippe.  War in the Middle Ages.  Oxford: Blackwell.

  Cosman, Madeleine Pelner.  Fabulous Feasts: Medieval Cookery and Ceremony.  New York: George Braziller, 1995 [1976].

  Davis, R.H.C.  History of Medieval Europe: From Constantine to St. Louis.  1972.

  Delort, Robert.  Life in the Middle Ages, trans. Robert Allen.  New York: Greenwich House, 1983.

Duby, Georges.  Age of Cathedrals.

_____.  Three Orders: Feudal Society Imagined.  Chicago: Chicago, 1982.

_____ and Aries, Philippe.  History of Private Life: Revelations of the Medieval World.  New York: Belknap, 1993.

  Erlande-Brandenburg, Alain.  Cathedral Builders of the Middle Ages, trans. Rosemary Stonehewer.  London: Thames and Hudson, 1995.

  Evans, Joan, ed.  Flowering of the Middle Ages.  New York: Bonanza, 1985.

  Favier, Jean.  Gold and Spices: The Rise of Commerce in the Middle Ages.

  Fletcher, Richard.  Moorish Spain.  London: 1992.

  Fossier, Robert, ed.  Cambridge Illustrated History of the Middle Ages.  New York: Cambridge, 1989.

  _____.  Cambridge Illustrated History of the Middle Ages: 950-1250, Vol. 2.  New York: Cambridge, 1997.

Fossier, Robert, ed.  Cambridge Illustrated History of the Middle Ages, Volume 3: 1250-1520.  New York: Cambridge, 1986.

  Gies, Frances.  Knight in History.  New York: Harper Collins.

  Gies, Frances and Joseph.  Cathedral, Forge, and Waterwheel: Technology and Invention in the Middle Ages.  New York: HarperPerennial, 1994.

  _____.  Life in A Medieval Castle.  New York: Harper and Row, 1974.

  _____.  Life in A Medieval City.  New York: Harper and Row, 1969.

  _____.  Life in A Medieval Village.  New York: Harper Perennial, 1990.

  _____.  Marriage and Family in the Middle Ages.  New York: Harper and Row, 1981.

  Goodrich, Norma Lorre.  Medieval Myths.  New York: Meridian, 1994.

  Harpur, James.  Crusades: An Illustrated History.  Thunder's Mouth, 2005.

  _____.  Revelations: The Medieval World.  New York: Henry Holt, 1995.

  Haskins, C.H.  Rise of Universities.  1972.

  Herlihy, David.  Black Death and the Transformation of the West.  Cambridge: Harvard, 1997.

  _____.  Medieval Households.  1985.

  Hindley, Geoffrey.  Crusades: A History of Armed Pilgrimage, and Religious Holy War.  Avalon, 2003.

  Hollister, C. Warren.  Medieval Europe: A Short History.  New York: McGraw-Hill, 1994.

  Holt, P.M. Age of the Crusades: The Near East From the Eleventh Century to 1517.  London: 1986.

  Hooper, Nicholas and Bennett, Matthew.  Cambridge Atlas of Medieval History: Warfare, 768-1487.  New York: Cambridge.

  Hopkins, Andrea.  Knights.  New York: Artabras, 1990.

  Howarth, David.  1066: The Year of the Conquest.  New York: Penguin, 1981.

  Huizinga, J.  Waning of the Middle Ages: A Study of the Forms of Life, Thought, and Art in France and the Netherlands in the Dawn of the Renaissance.  1924.

  Keen, Maurice.  Chivalry.  New Haven: Yale, 2005.

  Kieckhefer, Richard.  Magic in the Middle Ages.  New York: Cambridge, 1989.

  Labarge, Margaret Wade.  Medieval Travellers: The Rich and Restless.  Phoenix, 2005.

  Lacey, Robert and Danziger, Danny.  Year 1000: What Life Was Like at the Turn of the First Millennium -- An Englishman's World.  New York: Little, Brown and Company, 2000.

  LeGoff, Jacques.  Birth of Purgatory.  Chicago: Chicago.

  _____.  Intellectuals in the Middle Ages.  Oxford: Blackwell.

LeGoff, Jacques.  Time, Work and Culture in the Middle Ages.  Chicago: Chicago, 1980.

  Maalouff, Amin.  Crusades Through Arab Eyes.  London: 1984.

  Madden, Thomas F.  New Concise History of the Crusades, rev. ed.  Rowan and Littlefield, 2005.

  Makdisi, George.  Rise of Colleges: Institutions of Learning in Islam and the West.

  Martin, Sean.  Cathars; The Most Successful Heresy of the Middle Ages.  Thunder's Mouth, 2005.

  McAleavy, Tony.  Life in A Medieval Abbey.  London: English Heritage, 1996.

  McCall, Andrew.  Medieval Underworld.  New York: Barnes and Noble.

McKitterick, Rosamond.  Atlas of the Medieval World.  Trade Purchase, 2004.

  Menocal, Maria Rosa.  Ornament of the World: How Muslims, Jews, and Christians Created A Culture of Tolerance in Medieval Spain.  Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 2002.

  Moorhouse, Geoffrey.  Sun Dancing: A Vision of Medieval Ireland.  New York: Harcourt, Brace and Compnay, 1997.

  Moriarity, Catherine, ed.  Voices of the Middle Ages in Personal Letters, 1100-1500.  New York: Peter Bedrick, 1989.

  Munz, P.  Age of Charlemagne.  1971.

  Murray, Alexander.  Suicide in the Middle Ages, 2 vols.  New York: Oxford, 1999, 2000.

  Nicholson, Helen.  Knights Hospitaller, Brewer, 2003.

  _____.  Knights Templar.  London: Sutton, 2004.

  Nicolle, David.  History of Medieval Life: A Guide to Life From 1000 to 1500 AD.  New York: Barnes and Noble.

  Orme, Nicholas.  Medieval Children.  New Haven: Yale, 2001.

  O'Shea, Stephen.  Perfect Heresy: The Revolutionary Life and Death of the Medieval Cathars.  Walker, 2001.

  Paul, Jim.  Catapult: Harry and I Build A Siege Weapon.   San Diego: Harvest, 1991.

  Powell, James M., ed.  Medieval Studies: An Interpretation.  Syracuse: Syracuse, 1992.

  Power, Eileen.  Medieval People.  New York: Barnes and Noble, 1963.

  Rashdall, Hastings.  Universities of Europe in the Middle Ages.  New York: Oxford.

  Reston, James, Jr.  Last Apocalypse: Europe at the Year 1000 A.D.  New York: Doubleday, 1998.

  Riche, Pierre.  Daily Life in the World of Charlemagne, trans. Jo Ann McNamara.  Philadelphia: Pennsylvania, 1978.

  Riley-Smith, Jonathan.  Atlas of the Crusades.  New York: Facts on File, 1991.

  _____.  Crusades: A Short History.  1987.

  _____, ed.  Oxford Illustrated History of the Crusades.  New York: Oxford, 1995.

  Rowling, Marjorie.  Everyday Life in Medieval Times.  New York: Dorset, 1987.

  Rubenstein, Richard E.  Aristotle's Children: How Christians, Muslims, and Jews Rediscovered Ancient Wisdom and Illuminated the Dark Ages.  New York: Harcourt, 2003.

  Runciman, Steven.  History of the Crusades.  London.

  Shahar, Shulamith.  Childhood in the Middle Ages, trans. Chaya Galai.  New York: Routledge, 1992.

  Tate, Georges.  Crusades and the Holy Land.  London: Thames and Hudson, 1991.

  Time-Life.  What Life Was Like in the Age of Chivalry Medieval Europe AD 800-1500.  Alexandria, Virginia: Time-Life.

  Winston, Richard and Clara.  Notre-Dame de Paris.  New York: Newsweek, 1971.

  Ziegler, Phillip.  Black Death.  1969.