FLAGS, ANTHEMS AND EUROPEAN HISTORY

THE PROCEDURE

STEP 1

•   :  Click on the appropriate letters to research the history of different nations' flags.  Check the following nations:  Georgia, Serbia, Croatia, UK, Scotland, Wales, England, Cyprus, France, Germany, Italy, Romania and Russia.

STEP 2

Browse in several of the news articles listed below.

  "What Are The Rules For National Flags?," BBC News (May 11, 2005).

BALKANS

  "Serbia Changes National Symbols," BBC News (August 17, 2004).

  "Serbia Montenegro Song Falls Flat," BBC News (August 11, 2004).

"Montenegro Picks National Symbols," BBC News (July 13, 2004).

"Belgrade Flag Flap Reveals Identity Crisis," BBC News (October 7, 2003).

  "Ex-Yugoslavs Row Over Flag," BBC News (April 21, 2003).

"Croatian Flag Sparks Mixed Feelings," BBC News (July 8, 1998).

BRITAIN

Alexis Akwagyiram, "Flying The Flag," BBC News (July 25, 2006).

"National Flags Ban To Be Lifted," BBC News (July 24, 2006).

"10 Uses For An Unwanted England Flag," BBC News (July 3, 2006).

  "Glyndwr Flag Flies At City Castle," BBC News (September 12, 2005).

  "Is The Booing Of Anthems Acceptable?," BBC News (September 5, 2005).

  "Stadium Anthem Booing Condemned," BBC News (September 5, 2005).

  "St. George Flags Declared Illegal," BBC News (June 6, 2005).

  "Greens Call For New Scots Anthem," BBC News (October 3, 2004).

  "Scotland's National Anthem," Scotsman.com News.

  "'Fly Glyndwr Flag' Call," BBC News (September 14, 2004).

  "Saltire Flag Takes Pride of Place," BBC News (July 4, 2004).

  "School Ban For England Haircuts," BBC News (June 16, 2004).

  "To Fly Or Not To Fly," BBC News (June 8, 2004).

  "Glyndwr's 600th Anniversary Celebrated," BBC News (May 9, 2004).

  "Men Jailed Over Loyalist Flags," BBC News (March 31, 2004).

  "Union Flag Plan Opposed," BBC News (November 25, 2003).

  "Scots Anthem Call Rejected," BBC News (October 29, 2003).

"Words of the Red Flag," BBC News (October 2, 2003).

  "Elgar's Anthem In Children's Sing-Song," BBC News (July 24, 2003).

  "Flag Row Divides Council," BBC News (July 22, 2003).

  "Rebranding Puts Black Marks Against UK Flag," BBC News (June 11, 2003).

  "MSP Flaps Over Union Flag," BBC News (June 10, 2003).

  "National Anthem Ban At Stadium," BBC News (May 22, 2003).

  "Blake Hymn Tops Anthem Poll," BBC News (April 23, 2003).

Paul MacInnes, "New Manx Anthem Sifts Loyalty To Land Of Their Birth," Guardian Unlimited (January 27, 2003).

  "Official Fisticuffs Over Scots Anthem," BBC News (January 1, 2003).

  "Crossing Swords Over the Saltire," BBC News (October 8, 2002).

  "Tricolour Raised In City Hall," BBC News (September 4, 2002).

Jonathan Glancey, "By George!," Guardian (June 20, 2002).

  "Ministers Agree Flag Day Review," BBC News (May 20, 2002).

David McKie, "Pump Up The Anthem," Guardian (March 7, 2002).

  "Pistols Re-issue Punk Anthem," BBC News (February 28, 2002).

  "MPs Demand BBC Reinstates Anthem," BBC News (January 11, 2002).

Rob McDonald, "The Day To Lift A Dram To Saint Andrew," Montreal Gazette (November 30, 2001).

  "Prom Anthem 'Too Jingoistic,'" BBC News (October 12, 2001).

"Political Row Over Flag Flying," BBC News (October 9, 2001).

Tom Paulin, "Not Too Happy.  Not Very Glorious," Guardian (December 6, 2000).

  "Sinn Fein Departments Fly Union Flag," BBC News (November 13, 2000).

"Scot Sees Red Over Flag Blue," BBC News (June 20, 2000).

  "In A Flap Over Flags," BBC News (June 2, 2000).

"Tension Over Flag Flying," BBC News (June 2, 2000).

Denis Campbell, "National Anthem Faces Red Card," Observer (March 5, 2000).

"Burning Flag Protester Fined," BBC News (October 13, 1999).

  "Cyprus Seeks New Flag," BBC News (January 28, 2003).

Jonathan Steele, "UN Launches Contest For New Cyprus Flag," Guardian (January 28, 2003).

FRANCE

 Marseillaise:  Information from the office of the French President.

La Marseillaise .

 La Marseillaise -- Wikipedia:  The entry from the on-line encyclopedia.

"French MPS Pass Tough Anti-Crime Law," BBC News (February 13, 2003).

  "Chirac Furious As Fans Boo Anthem," BBC News (May 11, 2002).

  "Jazzing Up the Marseillaise," BBC News (February 8, 2002).

Jonathan Glancey, "All Together Now," Guardian (February 10, 2000).

Roy Hattersley, "Blood, Song And Tears," Guardian Unlimited, February 15, 1999.

Naomi Bliven, "A Song For All," American Heritage, 44 (September 1993): 28-29.

Alan Riding, "Aux Armes!  Bloody Fight Looms Over Meddling With Anthem," Vancouver Sun (March 7, 1992).

GERMANY

Deutschlandlied:  An introduction from Wikipedia.

"Germans Stop Humming, Start Singing National Anthem," Deutsche Welle, June 24, 2006.

  "Brothel Bid Bags Germany's Flag," BBC News (June 11, 2004).

  "Honecker's Cars Under the Hammer," BBC News (November 4, 2003).

  "German Forest Loses Swastika," BBC News (December 4, 2000).

  "Germany: Old Verses Start Fresh Row," BBC News (June 26, 2000).

  "Italian Opposition In Flap Over Flag," BBC News (April 28, 2003).

  "'Identical Flag' Causes Flap in Romania," BBC News (April 14, 2004).

RUSSIA

  "Russian MPS Told To Learn Anthem," BBC News (December 24, 2004).

  "Russian MPs Back Hybrid Flag," BBC News (June 6, 2003).

  "Aeroflot Loyal To Hammer and Sickle," BBC News (April 17, 2003).

"Majority Of Russians Like National Flag -- Poll," Interfax (January 18, 2002).

"Most Russians Like National Anthem," Interfax (January 18, 2002).

"Russia Proposes Bill To Protect Anthem," UPI (November 27, 2001).

"Russian Flag Changed Four Times Over 300 Years," Strana.ru (August 22, 2001).

"Duma Backs Soviet Anthem," BBC News (March 7, 2001).

Patrick Cockburn, "Russia Changes Its Tune Over Anthem," Independent (January 8, 2001).

Boris Kagarlitsky, "Let Them Sing Songs," Moscow Times (January 5, 2001).

Jack Kollmann, "New Russian National Anthem" (January 3, 2001).

David Hoffman, "Russia Sings To God, But Not To Lenin," Montreal Gazette (December 31, 2000).

Amelia Gentleman, "Capitalist Russia Salutes The Communists' Tune," Guardian (December 27, 2000).

Amelia Gentleman, "Intelligentsia Revolts As Putin Brings Back Soviet Anthem," Guardian (December 6, 2000).

  "New Anthem Reopens Old Wounds," BBC News (December 8, 2000).

  "Soviet Anthem Set For Comeback," BBC News (December 4, 2000).

  "Anthems Out Of Tune With People," BBC News (December 1, 2000).

Fred Weir, "In Anthem Search, Russia Looks 'Back to the USSR," Christian Science Monitor (October 30, 2000).

  "Russians Rule Anthem Offside," BBC News (July 23, 2000).

Alan Philps, "Wanted: Words For Russia's National Anthem," Edmonton Journal (February 6, 1998).

Mike Trickey, "Russia Struggles To Change Its Tune; Finding New Anthem Proves More Difficult than Adopting New Flag, Emblem," Ottawa Citizen (July 22, 1995).

Fred Hiatt, "Yet Another Problem For Russia: Rewriting The National Anthem," Edmonton Journal (March 27, 1993)..